Tag: E-Platform

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ETDA: Proposed Overhaul of Thailand’s Electronic Transactions Act – Modernizing for the Digital Economy

Thailand’s existing Electronic Transactions Act B.E. 2544 (2001, as amended) has served as the foundational legal framework for electronic transactions for over two decades. Enacted in an earlier era of digital adoption, it primarily addressed basic electronic signatures, data messages, and recognition of electronic records. However, it increasingly struggles to accommodate rapid technological advancements, including automated contracting systems, electronic transferable instruments (such as e-bills of lading), cloud-based data storage, digital identity solutions, and complex cross-border digital platforms.

Limitations in the current law—such as uncertainty around the reliability and evidentiary weight of electronic data, rigid requirements that do not flexibly support emerging technologies without additional regulations, and enforcement gaps—hinder full digital transformation. This creates friction for businesses adopting paperless processes, e-commerce, fintech, logistics, and other innovative models central to Thailand 4.0 and the broader digital economy.

Many jurisdictions have proactively updated their frameworks to address these challenges. The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Laws on Electronic Commerce, Electronic Signatures, and Electronic Transferable Records have influenced reforms worldwide. Countries like Singapore, the EU (with eIDAS and related directives), and others have introduced technology-neutral rules, enhanced trust services, liability frameworks for service providers, and specific provisions for electronic equivalents of negotiable instruments. These updates boost legal certainty, reduce compliance burdens, facilitate international trade, and stimulate innovation while maintaining consumer and business protections.

Key Changes in the Draft Act and UNCITRAL Alignment:

The Electronic Transactions Development Agency (ETDA) has proposed a comprehensive Draft Electronic Transactions Act for public hearing (comments due by June 15, 2026). The draft represents a substantial rewrite rather than a simple amendment. It shifts Thailand toward a more technology-neutral, principles-based, and trust-oriented framework, building on the original law’s foundations while incorporating newer UNCITRAL instruments.

Major Changes from the Current Law:

Broader Legal Recognition of Electronic Data and Transactions: Electronic records that are accessible, reusable, and retain integrity will satisfy requirements for “writing,” originals, retention, and evidence across civil, criminal, and procedural contexts. Electronic transactions become the default/preferred mode. This significantly expands functional equivalence beyond the 2001 Act’s more limited scope.

Electronic Signatures, Seals, Timestamps, and Notices: Reliable electronic methods (or ETDA-prescribed ones) fulfill signature, seal, timestamp, and registered mail requirements. Public announcements can shift to verified online platforms. New emphasis on electronic seals and reliable timestamps strengthens evidentiary value.

Reliable Methods, Certification, and Burden of Proof: Introduction of “reliable electronic methods” with ETDA recognition/certification. When approved systems are used, the burden and cost of disproving reliability shift to the challenger. This provides stronger legal certainty and incentivizes certified solutions.

Automated and Electronic Contracting: Explicit validation of contracts formed by automated systems (with or without human intervention), plus detailed rules on attribution, receipt acknowledgment, timing/place of dispatch, input error correction, and verification methods.

New Regime for Electronic Transferable Instruments: A dedicated framework for e-bills of lading, warehouse receipts, promissory notes, etc., including exclusive control (equivalent to possession), transfer, endorsement, amendment, integrity, and paper-electronic conversion. This is a major addition.

Regulation of Service Providers: Broader coverage of identity proofing, e-signatures, timestamping, data storage, and related services. Replaces rigid licensing with a voluntary certification (“trust mark”) scheme, risk management, cybersecurity, and complaint-handling obligations. Liability protections for compliant providers, with transitional recognition for existing licensees.

Strong UNCITRAL Alignment:

Builds on the original Act’s foundation in the Model Law on Electronic Commerce (1996) and Electronic Signatures (2001).

Incorporates the Electronic Communications Convention (ECC, 2005) — Thailand acceded in 2025 — for automated contracting and international rules.

Adopts principles from the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR, 2017) for e-transferable instruments.

Aligns with the Model Law on Electronic Identity and Trust Services (MLIT, 2022) through trust services, certification, and technology-neutral identity frameworks.

Supports overall technology neutrality and functional equivalence, enhancing interoperability under initiatives like the Framework Agreement on Cross-border Paperless Trade (CPTA).

Business Impacts and Preparation Steps:

The Draft Act would lower barriers to digital operations, reduce paper dependency, streamline contracting and record-keeping, and improve cross-border compatibility. Sectors like trade finance, logistics, e-commerce, fintech, cloud services, and digital identity providers stand to benefit significantly.

New compliance expectations include system reliability, risk management, cybersecurity, audits, and vendor due diligence. Businesses may need to update processes, contracts, policies, and user interfaces.

Businesses should prepare by:

Reviewing current electronic systems against emerging “reliable method” standards.

Assessing exposure as service providers or users.

Monitoring ETDA subordinate regulations, certifications, and guidance.

Updating contracts, terms, privacy notices, and record-retention policies.

Enhancing cyber security and complaint-handling mechanisms.

Current Status and Next Steps:

The Draft Act is currently in the public hearing phase (comments due by June 15, 2026). Following consultation, it will undergo refinement, Cabinet approval, parliamentary review, and publication in the Government Gazette.

Implementation is not immediate: The law would generally take effect 180 days after Gazette publication, with ETDA issuing subordinate rules, standards, and certification procedures (targeted within 180 days post-publication, though effective timelines may extend). Full industry adaptation and technical rollout could span months to years. Existing providers receive transitional support.

Key Takeaways:

The Draft Act modernizes Thailand’s electronic transactions framework through broader recognition, new instruments for digital trade, and a flexible certification model — strongly aligned with evolving UNCITRAL standards.

It addresses longstanding limitations while promoting trust, innovation, and paperless processes across private and public sectors.

Businesses should proactively assess impacts, strengthen systems, and participate in the ongoing public consultation.

Successful implementation will enhance Thailand’s digital economy competitiveness, though it requires coordinated regulatory and industry efforts over the coming years.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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AI-Powered Assistant “Nok Krasip” Launched to Empower SME Retailers Through Digital Tools

The government has introduced “Nok Krasip” (Whispering Bird), an AI chatbot assistant integrated into the “Thung Ngern” mobile application. This forms part of the “Thai Help Thai Plus 60/40” program, designed to support small retailers and community businesses with practical digital solutions.

Program Context:

This initiative underscores efforts to strengthen the grassroots economy by equipping micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) — particularly traditional shops — with accessible technology. The Thung Ngern application serves as a central platform for financial and business management, with the AI feature representing a key advancement in providing real-time insights.

Core Features of the AI Assistant:

Nok Krasip delivers user-friendly tools tailored for retailers with limited technical expertise:

•  Sales Analysis: Automatic summaries of daily sales performance, transaction trends, peak periods, and inventory suggestions.

•  Raw Material Price Monitoring: Real-time market price data for essential commodities such as meats and other inputs, drawn from official sources.

•  Cost and Profit Analysis: Simple calculations that compare input costs with selling prices to support better pricing and margin decisions.

•  Intelligent Chatbot: Instant answers to questions about the program and application functions, featuring preset options for quick navigation.

The assistant is available in Thung Ngern version 5.50.0 and higher for eligible registered users.

Legal and Regulatory Considerations:

The introduction of this AI tool carries several implications for businesses operating in the digital economy:

•  Data Privacy Compliance: Processing of sales, inventory, and transaction data requires adherence to the Personal Data Protection Act B.E. 2562 (PDPA). Platform operators should maintain clear consent mechanisms and transparent data handling practices, especially when information is shared with government entities.

•  Digital Transaction Governance: The tool supports broader goals of fair digital commerce and MSME empowerment, aligning with regulations on electronic transactions, consumer protection, and platform responsibilities.

•  Cybersecurity and Procurement Standards: Government-backed digital services typically involve cybersecurity requirements and public technology procurement rules.

•  Intellectual Property Aspects: Issues may emerge concerning ownership of AI-generated insights, underlying datasets, and developed algorithms.

Practical Guidance for Stakeholders:

•  Retailers and MSMEs: Participants should review the application’s terms of service and data policies prior to extensive use. While the AI can enhance operational efficiency, it should supplement — not substitute — professional financial advice.

•  Platform Operators and Partners: Entities involved in such ecosystems should monitor evolving rules on data governance and electronic transactions.

•  Risk Management: Businesses adopting AI tools are advised to implement robust cybersecurity protocols and include appropriate contractual safeguards regarding accuracy and liability.

Key Takeaways:

•  The AI assistant Nok Krasip provides accessible, practical tools that help small retailers analyze sales, control costs, and make informed decisions.

•  Integration into the Thung Ngern application advances digital inclusion for MSMEs participating in government support programs.

•  Stakeholders should prioritize PDPA compliance, data security, and clear policies when leveraging such government-supported AI platforms.

•  This development signals continued focus on technology-driven support for the traditional retail sector, potentially improving competitiveness and access to future financing opportunities.

This article provides general information only and does not constitute legal advice. Readers should seek qualified professional counsel for matters specific to their situation.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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Super License: The Draft Act on Facilitation in the Consideration of Licenses and Provision of Services to the Public

The Draft Act on Facilitation in the Consideration of Licenses and Provision of Services to the Public, widely known as the “Super License” law, constitutes a major reform to Thailand’s administrative licensing and public service framework. It revises and expands upon the Facilitation of Licensing by Government Agencies Act B.E. 2558 (2015), aiming to reduce bureaucratic obstacles, enhance transparency, integrate digital processes,  foster a more efficient and applicant-centered administration.

1. Background:

The initiative traces its origins to evaluations of the 2015 Act, which demonstrated effectiveness in facilitating public interactions with government agencies but revealed opportunities for improvement amid evolving economic, social, and technological conditions. The Office of the Public Sector Development Commission (OPDC) proposed revisions to minimize unnecessary procedures, discretionary decisions, and compliance burdens while aligning with digital government objectives under the Electronic Government Operations Act B.E. 2565 (2022).

The draft was approved in principle by the Cabinet on April 2, 2024, and underwent public hearings (including a third round from September 20 to October 11, 2024) before review by the Office of the Council of State. It advanced through parliamentary consideration in 2025, passing reviews in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. Progress paused due to parliamentary dissolution prior to final enactment.

2. Key Provisions:

The draft organizes reforms across general principles, procedural enhancements, licensing mechanisms, service delivery improvements, periodic evaluations, centralized systems, and accountability measures. Core provisions include:

•  Expanded Scope: Application extends beyond licenses to registrations, notifications, approvals, and broader public services provided by state agencies, ensuring uniform standards.

•  Mandatory Public Handbooks: Authorities must publish detailed, standardized handbooks specifying criteria, procedures, documents, fees, timelines, conditions, and electronic options, with prohibitions on redundant requests and immediate deficiency notifications.

•  Streamlined Processing: Immediate verification of completeness upon receipt; strict timeline adherence with delay notifications (every 15 days) and explanations for extensions beyond 30 days; oversight by the Commission on Public Sector Development for persistent issues.

•  Automatic Renewal via Fee Payment: Renewal deemed effective upon fee payment for designated licenses (per ministerial regulations), reducing formal re-applications while maintaining compliance monitoring.

•  Super License (Principal License) Mechanism: The Cabinet may designate a principal license for activities requiring multiple approvals; issuance automatically grants subsidiary permissions, enabling single-point completion for sectors like factory construction, hotels, spas, and energy projects.

•  Extended or Permanent Validity: Licenses to have indefinite duration or a minimum five-year term where appropriate, replacing frequent short-term renewals.

•  Provisional/Trial Operations: Low-risk activities permitted temporarily via notification or registration pending full approval, with refinements toward notification systems recommended.

•  Centralized One-Stop and Electronic Centers: Joint physical/digital centers for submissions, inquiries, payments, and tracking; a national electronic central reception center (potentially with private involvement under data protection) forwards applications within one working day and monitors progress.

•  Fast-Track and Multilingual Support: Accelerated channels for urgent cases; forms and information available in English and other languages upon request.

•  Accountability Measures: Procedural violations (e.g., untimely processing, redundant demands) constitute disciplinary offenses for officials.

These elements collectively promote efficiency, digital integration, and reduced discretion while safeguarding public interests.

3. Impact to the Public:

The reforms promise tangible benefits for citizens, entrepreneurs, and investors:

•  Simplified access to services through consolidated processes and single-point submissions, reducing time, costs, and repeated interactions.

•  Greater transparency via mandatory handbooks, clear timelines, and limited discretion, minimizing opportunities for arbitrary decisions or corruption.

•  Faster business commencement, particularly for low-risk activities via provisional operations and automatic mechanisms, supporting economic activities in manufacturing, tourism, hospitality, and emerging sectors.

•  Enhanced competitiveness by improving Thailand’s ease of doing business rankings, attracting domestic and foreign investment, especially in high-value industries such as data centers, semiconductors, and modern agriculture.

•  Improved accessibility for non-Thai speakers and international applicants through multilingual support and digital channels.

Overall, the legislation prioritizes user convenience and national economic growth without compromising regulatory integrity.

4. Current Status:

As of mid-March 2026, the draft has secured prior approval from both the House and Senate but requires reaffirmation following parliamentary dissolution. Public discussions and media coverage in early March 2026 highlight cross-party recognition of its value, positioning it as a continuation of established reform efforts. No enactment has occurred, but momentum suggests active preparation for legislative progression.

5. Key Takeaways:

•  The Super License initiative modernizes governance by emphasizing efficiency, digital tools, and centralized services over fragmented approvals.

•  It exhibits policy continuity across administrations, demonstrating that beneficial reforms transcend political boundaries for national advantage.

•  Successful enactment could substantially alleviate bureaucratic burdens, boost investment attractiveness, and elevate public service quality.

•  Effective rollout will hinge on robust inter-agency coordination, digital infrastructure development, and periodic reviews (every five years) to adapt to future needs.

This proposed legislation underscores Thailand’s commitment to administrative modernization and enhanced competitiveness.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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Online Platform: ETDA’s Push for New Rules on Social Commerce to Safeguard Thai Consumers

In a move to tighten oversight on digital marketplaces, Thailand’s Electronic Transactions Development Agency (ETDA) is gearing up to introduce new regulations targeting social commerce platforms. This initiative aims to close loopholes in consumer protection, ensuring that online transactions meet stringent standards amid the growing popularity of buying and selling via social media. The announcement comes as platforms like Facebook argue they fall outside traditional e-commerce definitions, prompting ETDA to expand its regulatory net.

The backdrop for these changes is rooted in Thailand’s evolving digital economy. With e-commerce booming, the existing Electronic Transactions Committee’s announcement—set to take effect on December 31, 2025—already mandates that e-commerce platforms sell or advertise products adhering to standards from the Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, social media giants such as Facebook have claimed exemption, citing the absence of integrated payment systems and separate user accounts for transactions. ETDA has countered this, stating, “Facebook has informed ETDA that they do not fall under the category. We are therefore preparing a new announcement to cover Facebook, as it cannot be denied that Facebook is widely used as a platform for buying and selling goods known as social commerce, which requires strict product standards.”

This conciliatory approach by ETDA also considers international trade dynamics, particularly U.S. policies under President Donald Trump, which threaten trade retaliation against countries restricting American platforms. By avoiding overly restrictive measures, Thailand seeks to balance consumer safety with open trade, preventing potential barriers for U.S.-based companies operating in the region.

Beyond social commerce, the new rules will extend to space-sharing platforms like Airbnb. ETDA plans to enforce standards for user safety, identity verification, and tenant rights, addressing common issues such as leaks or power outages. Additionally, concerns over monopolistic practices in delivery services—previously requiring platforms to offer at least three shipping options—have been shifted to the Trade Competition Commission (TCC) for handling and streamlining regulatory responsibilities.

These developments underscore Thailand’s commitment to fostering a secure digital ecosystem. As social commerce continues to thrive, with platforms blending social interaction and shopping, the need for robust oversight has become evident. ETDA’s efforts aim not only to protect consumers from substandard or unsafe products but also to promote fair competition and innovation in the online space.

Key Takeaways:

Future Implications: This could set a precedent for more comprehensive digital platform governance in Thailand, boosting trust in online transactions.

Expanded Regulation: ETDA’s new announcement will include social commerce platforms like Facebook, requiring them to enforce product standards from TISI and the FDA to plug consumer protection gaps.

Consumer Focus: The rules prioritize Thai buyers’ safety by mandating quality controls on goods sold online, effective from late 2025 onward.

International Considerations: A balanced approach avoids trade conflicts with the U.S., aligning with global digital trade norms.

Broader Scope: Space-sharing services like Airbnb will face new safety and rights standards, while delivery monopolies fall under TCC jurisdiction.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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AI: Possible Regulations

Thailand is shaping the future of artificial intelligence (AI) through a public consultation led by the Electronic Transactions Development Agency (ETDA) from May 10 to June 9, 2025. AI offers immense potential to boost economic growth, enhance industries, and improve quality of life, but it also raises concerns about data privacy, system security, fairness, and ethical impacts. Building on lessons from earlier drafts, such as the 2022 Royal Decree on Business Operations using AI Systems and the 2023 Act on AI Innovation Promotion, which faced criticism for broad frameworks and burdensome rules, ETDA’s new draft principles aim to balance innovation with responsibility. The consultation seeks public input on four key areas: AI risk management, industry promotion, user rights, and enforcement mechanisms.

1. AI Risk Management Principles:

To ensure safe AI development and use, the draft principles propose a risk-based approach:

  • Risk Level Assignment: Instead of fixed criteria for Prohibited-risk or High-risk AI, industry-specific regulators will collaborate to define these categories, tailoring rules to sector-specific risks.
  • Domestic Representatives for Foreign Providers: Foreign AI providers must appoint local legal representatives to ensure compliance with Thai regulations.
  • Incident Reporting: High-risk AI providers are required to report serious incidents to authorities, enabling a swift response to potential harms.
  • User Responsibilities: AI users must maintain human oversight, log activities, ensure high-quality input data to avoid bias, assess potential impacts, and cooperate with regulators.

These measures aim to address risks like misalignment with ethical AI governance and future high-impact concerns, as highlighted by global incident databases (e.g., OECD AI Incidents Monitor).

2. Promoting the AI Industry:

To foster innovation, the draft principles encourage AI development while addressing past criticisms of regulatory burdens:

  • Text and Data Mining (TDM): Inspired by the EU, Thailand proposes allowing TDM for research and development, enabling access to copyrighted data for AI training.
  • Regulatory Sandboxes: Controlled testing environments will support real-world AI trials, reuse of privacy data for public-interest projects, or penalty-free “safe harbor” zones for developers.
  • AI Governance Clinic (AIGC): Established in 2022, the AIGC provides technical and practical guidance to public and private sectors, streamlining compliance and innovation.

These initiatives aim to create a supportive ecosystem for AI startups and established players alike.

boston dynamics robot in a car factory

3. Rights of AI Users:

The draft principles prioritize user protections, ensuring individuals affected by high-risk AI have clear rights:

  • Right to be Informed: Individuals must be notified when AI impacts them, fostering transparency.
  • Right to Explanation: Users can request clear explanations of how AI systems function and influence decisions, particularly when affecting their lives or security.
  • Right to Oppose AI Decisions: Individuals can challenge AI-generated decisions and request human-led alternatives, safeguarding autonomy.

These rights, inspired by frameworks like the EU AI Act, empower users and build public trust in AI systems.

4. Enforcement and Penalties:

To ensure compliance, the draft principles outline enforcement and penalty mechanisms, with a focus on emerging risks:

  • Generative AI Misuse: Beyond existing laws like the Computer-Related-Offense Act, ETDA is exploring criminal penalties for misuse of generative AI, such as creating deepfakes or election-related misinformation (e.g., false audio, images, or videos).
  • Enforcement Measures: Administrative orders can halt the use or distribution of Prohibited-risk or misused High-risk AI. If violations persist, regulators may propose collaboration with the Ministry of Digital Economy and Society to restrict access via internet service providers, though this is under consultation.
  • Penalties: Penalties remain flexible, potentially including fines, disqualification from innovation support, or administrative measures, depending on whether governance is mandatory or voluntary. Specifics are still under review.

Conclusion:

ETDA’s public consultation advances Thailand’s efforts to foster an environment where AI innovation thrives while ensuring responsible use and protection for stakeholders. This consultation offers a vital opportunity for stakeholders to shape AI governance, enabling technological progress while upholding public trust and ethical standards.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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Thailand New Draft Digital Platform Economy Act

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered consumer behavior, leading to a surge in reliance on digital platforms for activities like shopping and food delivery. This shift has played a pivotal role in the rapid growth of the digital economy, both in Thailand and globally. Citizens have become increasingly dependent on these platforms, which offer convenience and ease in daily life. As digital platforms now cover almost every facet of modern existence, the government has recognized the need to regulate these services to ensure economic and social stability, enhance credibility, and mitigate any potential risks to the public at large.

In response to this, Thailand initially enacted the Royal Decree on the Operation of Digital Platform Service Business Subject to Prior Notification B.E. 2565 (2022) (“Royal Decree”), which regulates and imposes obligations on digital platform service operators. These operators, such as Shopee or Lazada, manage platforms that connect business users and consumers through data networks to facilitate electronic transactions. However, recognizing the evolving landscape, the Ministry of Digital Economy and Society (“MDES“) has proposed the Draft Digital Platform Economy Act B.E. …. (the “Draft Bill”), which aims to expand regulation to include a broader range of platform services not covered under the Royal Decree, also known as, digital media services.

The Draft Bill seeks to regulate various digital platform services more comprehensively, promoting fair trade, encouraging self-regulation, and supporting operators in adopting good governance principles. Below are the key aspects of the Draft Bill.

Categorization of Digital Media Services

The Draft Bill defines Digital Media Services as any service provided over a computer network, internet system, or telecommunications network that acts as a medium between the sender and the data receiver. It categorizes these services into three types, each with distinct legal responsibilities for the operators:

  1. Mere Conduit Service: This refers to the provision of electronic data transmission services or access to an electronic communications network. Mere conduit providers are not liable for illegal activities during data transmission, as long as they can prove they neither initiated the data nor altered it in any way.
  2. Caching Service: Caching services involve temporary data storage for faster transmission. Providers are not held responsible for illegal activities, provided they meet the terms for data access and follow standard industry practices.
  3. Hosting Service: Hosting services provide data storage on behalf of users. These providers are only held accountable if they are aware of illegal content stored and fail to take action by either removing or blocking access to it.

General Obligations for Digital Media Services Platform Operators

Under the Draft Bill, platform operators are required to comply with obligations prescribed in Chapter 3 of the Draft Bill, which includes notifying the users of their rights and obligations, as well as the risks associated with using digital media services; providing a complaint resolution channel that responds within 24 hours and reports on the investigation outcome within 60 days; disclosing advertising information, publishing clear terms and conditions, as mandated by the law, and appointing a point of contact to liaise with the Electronic Transactions Development Agency (“ETDA“).

Very Large Online Platform (VLOP)

The Draft Bill introduces the concept of Very Large Online Platforms (“VLOP“). To qualify as a VLOP, a platform must meet one of the following criteria:

  1. A net income (before expenses) of over 1,000 million Baht per year from the provision of services in Thailand.
  2. More than 6 million active users per month.
  3. Poses a high risk to the economic or social security of Thailand, as determined by the ETDA.

VLOPs are subject to additional obligations, such as reporting data to the ETDA, tracking business users’ activities, suspending services for users engaged in serious illegal activities, and submitting annual transparency reports.

Core Platform Services & Gatekeepers

Chapter 5 of the Draft Bill defines core platform services and identifies platform operators that act as “gatekeepers” to other service providers. Core platform services currently include 10 types of digital media services such as online search engines, video-sharing services, cloud computing, and online advertising services, among others. A platform operator may be classified as a gatekeeper if it meets three criteria:

  1. Significant impact on the economy, with annual income (before expenses) exceeding 7 billion Baht.
  2. Serves as a critical gateway for business users to reach end users, with more than 15 million consumer users and 10,000 business users annually.
  3. Has the power to limit competition from other platform service providers, maintaining a dominant position.

Gatekeepers are subject to additional responsibilities, such as ensuring fair treatment of business users, facilitating free communication between consumers and businesses, preventing unfair practices that hinder competition, and more.

ETDA and Digital Platform Economy Committee’s Power to Enforce Data Platform’s Compliance

In order to enforce the Draft Bill effectively, the Draft Bill grants ETDA various powers to enforce compliance, including but not limited to the power to request data from platform operators to assess compliance, power to access and inspect platforms’ computer systems and physical premises if there is reasonable suspicion of illegal activities, the power to impose fines, service suspensions, or even criminal charges for severe violations.

Regulatory Transition

To ensure a smooth transition in the enforcement of this Draft Bill from the existing Royal Decree, the Draft Bill includes a grandfather clause allowing the platform operators who have already submitted notification under the Royal Decree to be deemed to have been notified under this Draft Bill as well. Nonetheless, they are required to update their information to align with the new requirement within 120 days of its enactment. Whilst the Royal Decree shall cease to be effective on the enforcement date of this Draft Bill, the sub-ordinate regulations issued under the Royal Decree shall remain in effect for as long as they do not conflict with the Draft Bill, or the new-subordinate regulation to be issued under the Draft Bill. 

Conclusion

The Draft Bill represents a proactive step toward regulating the rapidly expanding digital economy in Thailand. By establishing clear guidelines for digital platform operators, categorizing services, and introducing additional obligations for large and influential platforms, the Draft Bill aims to foster fair competition, ensure consumer protection, and maintain economic stability. As digital platforms continue to play an integral role in modern society, this legislation will be crucial in balancing innovation with accountability, ensuring that the digital economy can thrive in a secure and sustainable manner. As such, the passage of the Draft Bill will likely have far-reaching implications, not only for platform operators but also for the broader economy and society.

Source: International Business April 2025 : Antea

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Telemedical Services: Navigating the Digital Healthcare Frontier

With the integration of technology into virtually every aspect of life, it is undeniable that the medical sector also requires technological innovations to reform traditional medical practices. This transformation necessitates close monitoring and regulation to ensure that service recipients are well protected—not only in terms of health and safety but also in safeguarding their personal information and privacy. The Ministry of Public Health recognizes the importance of establishing standards for both public health services and private telemedical service providers to ensure that telemedical services are efficient, convenient, fast, safe, standardized, verifiable, and in line with the principles of good governance. As a result, the Ministry has issued the Announcement on the Service Standards for Telemedical Service Providers and Telemedicine Public Health Services (the “Announcement”).

Under the Announcement, Telemedical Services refer to the provision of medical consultation, examination, diagnosis, treatment, nursing, disease prevention, health promotion, and physical rehabilitation remotely, using a digital system to transmit audio and video data.

The Announcement outlines the criteria required for telemedical service providers and the systems they use. Some of these criteria are:

  • There must be a sufficient number of medical practitioners to provide telemedical services without disrupting normal operations at each medical establishment.
  • There must be a registration and identity verification process for both service recipients and providers. This system must comply with the standards prescribed by the Electronic Transactions Development Agency and the Digital Development Agency.
  • A communication system must be established between service recipients and providers. This system must be integrated with identity verification and appointment scheduling in an appropriate manner.
  • Date, time, medical reports, verification results, and other relevant information must be recorded in audio, picture, text, or video format.
  • A process must be in place to explain the details, procedures, potential effects, and risks to the service recipient before telemedical services are provided, including obtaining consent.
  • A document, manual, or guideline for providing telemedical services must be created, in accordance with the standards set by the Office of Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Public Health.
  • Telemedical services must include the delivery of medicines and medical supplies to patients’ house.

Although detailed criteria for each qualification are yet to be fully outlined, this Announcement effectively serves as a checklist for telemedical service providers to assess whether their systems align with the regulated standards.

It is recommended that the telemedical service providers conduct comprehensive internal audits, develop adaptive compliance strategies, maintain flexible operational frameworks, and anticipate future regulatory refinements.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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Economic: Comprehensive Strategy Proposed by Thailand’s Private Sector to Drive Sustainable Growth

As Thailand grapples with a complex web of economic challenges, including a global economic slowdown, weak domestic recovery, and constraints faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in accessing credit, the country’s private sector has come together to present a comprehensive strategy to revitalize the economy.

The Joint Standing Committee on Commerce, Industry and Banking (JSCCIB), a coalition of prominent business associations, has compiled a detailed White Paper, outlining a multi-faceted approach to tackle the pressing issues and unlock Thailand’s full economic potential. This White Paper was recently presented to the Prime Minister during a meeting between the Prime Minister and JSCCIB.

The JSCCIB’s White Paper identifies four key areas of focus: economic problem-solving, assistance for SMEs, water management, and enhancing the country’s competitiveness. Within these areas, the private sector has proposed a range of policy measures, including:

  1. Reducing the burden of living costs for the public and operating costs for businesses i.e. controlling essential goods and services prices, restricting electricity and diesel fuel prices, increasing the minimum wage, and solving debt problems, especially non-performing auto loans.
  2. Implementing energy price reductions and restructuring.
  3. Implementing economic stimulus measures e.g. digital wallet, increasing purchasing power, Easy e-receipt, and other tax incentives.
  4. Enhancing the competitive capabilities of entrepreneurs e.g. using data-driven strategies to promote Thai products on e-commerce platforms, increasing investment measures with a focus on local content, and imposing taxes on foreign digital services.
  5. Supporting SME development i.e. easing loan approval requirements, promoting and pushing entrepreneurs towards adopting Smart SMEs, and improving laws and regulations to facilitate ease of doing business.
  6. Developing a corporate digital authentication system (Corporate Digital ID).
  7. Urgently overhauling regulations and procedures related to licensing and the use of technology in government operations.
  8. Enhancing investment in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) i.e. improving large-scale infrastructure, proposing incentives to encourage and attract investment in the EEC, and expanding the EEC to include Prachinburi province, which would significantly boost investment in the region.
  9. Facilitating trans-shipment i.e. establishing a transshipment sandbox for container ships at Laem Chabang Port for a 1-year period.
  10. Developing logistics infrastructure and promoting border trade, resolving restrictions and obstacles in transporting goods from Thailand to neighboring countries, and amending regulations to enhance the efficiency of importing and exporting goods.
  11. Safeguarding domestic industries and enhancing the global standing of Thai products.
  12. Promoting the transformation of the automotive industry e.g. transitioning from combustion engines to future vehicles, expanding and maintaining the automotive production base.
  13. Promoting a Green Economy or Eco-friendly Economy, including bioeconomy, circular materials, and waste symbiosis.
  14. Implementing policies to foster a cashless and digital economy and providing tax incentives for businesses adopting transition finance and green investments.
  15. Implementing policies to attract foreign investment and establish Thailand as a regional economic hub.

The JSCCIB believes that the partnership between the government and the private sector will effectively implement the proposed measures to address economic challenges and revitalize Thailand’s economy. The ambitious target is to achieve a sustainable GDP growth rate of 3-5% or more in the near future.

birds eye view of a city

Key Takeaways from the White Paper:

  1. Easing the Burden: The strategy calls for measures to reduce the burden of living costs for the public and operating costs for businesses. This includes controlling the prices of essential goods and services, restricting electricity and diesel fuel prices, increasing the minimum wage, and solving debt problems, particularly non-performing auto loans.
  2. Boosting Competitiveness: The proposals aim to enhance the competitive capabilities of entrepreneurs and promote Thai products. This involves using data-driven strategies to market Thai goods on e-commerce platforms, increasing investment measures with a focus on local content, and imposing taxes on foreign digital services.
  3. Empowering SMEs: The White Paper emphasizes the need to support SME development, including easing loan approval requirements, promoting the adoption of smart technologies, and improving laws and regulations to facilitate ease of doing business.
  4. Strengthening Infrastructure and Trade: The strategy underscores the importance of developing logistics infrastructure and fostering cross-border trade. This includes facilitating transshipment at Laem Chabang Port, resolving restrictions in transporting goods to neighboring countries, and amending regulations to enhance the efficiency of importing and exporting.
  5. Regulatory Overhaul: The JSCCIB calls for an urgent overhaul of regulations and procedures related to licensing and the use of technology in government operations, recognizing the need to streamline bureaucratic processes.
  6. Embracing Sustainability: The proposals incorporate a strong emphasis on promoting a green and sustainable economy, including the transition towards a circular economy, the bioeconomy, and the transformation of the automotive industry.
  7. Digital Transformation: The strategy underscores the significance of digital transformation, with initiatives such as the development of a corporate digital authentication system and the promotion of a cashless and digital economy.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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Technology: Thailand Accelerates Digital Transformation through National Digital Economy and Society Committee Initiatives

Thailand’s National Digital Economy and Society Committee (NDESC) recently convened its third meeting of 2024, steering the country’s digital transformation agenda forward on multiple fronts. Chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Digital Economy and Society, the high-level committee reviewed and endorsed several key initiatives aimed at modernizing government operations, enhancing public service delivery, and bolstering the nation’s digital infrastructure and cybersecurity.

e-Office:

A primary focus of the meeting was the expanded use of electronic documents within the government’s e-Office system, which operates on the Government Data Center and Cloud Service (GDCC) platform. The committee set an ambitious target of reaching 3 million e-Office users by 2027, underscoring the administration’s commitment to digitalizing public administration and transitioning towards a truly paperless governance model.

Cloud First Policy:

In parallel, the NDESC oversaw the progress of various specialized sub-committees tasked with driving specific aspects of the digital agenda. This included the Cloud First Policy committee, which is working to establish legal frameworks and management standards for the government’s adoption of cloud computing services. Additionally, a dedicated sub-committee was formed to oversee the integration and optimization of the country’s nationwide network of closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems, aimed at reducing redundancies, lowering costs, and enabling more effective data utilization.

Smart City:

Beyond the digitalization of government operations, the NDESC also prioritized the acceleration of smart city development across Thailand. Recognizing the transformative potential of connected urban environments, the committee placed this strategic initiative under the purview of the Committee for Promotion and Development of Digital for Economy and Society, ensuring a coordinated, whole-of-government approach to urban modernization.

red dot lights on black surface

Cybersecurity Safeguards:

Complementing these technological advancements, the NDESC also addressed the critical issue of cybersecurity. Tasking the National Cyber Security Agency (NCSA) to develop comprehensive guidelines for government agencies, the committee aimed to bolster the protection of personal data and mitigate the risks of information leaks, a pressing concern in the digital age.

Through these multifaceted initiatives, Thailand’s National Digital Economy and Society Committee is spearheading the country’s digital transformation journey, leveraging the power of technology to modernize public services, enhance economic competitiveness, and safeguard national interests in the rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Key Takeaways:

  1. The National Digital Economy and Society Committee (NDESC) chaired a meeting to discuss important initiatives for driving the country’s economic and social development through digital transformation.
  2. The meeting reviewed the progress on the use of electronic documents in the e-Office system under the Government Data Center and Cloud Service (GDCC), aiming to have 3 million users by 2027.
  3. The committee discussed the progress of various sub-committees established under the Digital Development for Economy and Society Act, including those focused on cloud computing policies, legal frameworks for government cloud procurement, and cloud service management standards.
  4. The NDESC endorsed the acceleration of smart city development, with the Smart City initiative now falling under the purview of the Committee for Promotion and Development of Digital for Economy and Society.
  5. The committee also addressed the need to integrate and optimize the use of closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems nationwide, to reduce duplication and enable effective data management and utilization.
  6. Regarding cybersecurity, the NDESC tasked the National Cyber Security Agency (NCSA) to propose guidelines for government agencies to prevent personal data leaks, which will be reviewed by the National Cyber Security Committee and the Cabinet.

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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New Regulation to Protect Consumers in COD Transactions

Thailand’s digital economy is set to see significant changes with the introduction of new regulations governing Cash on Delivery (COD) services. Following our previous article on the Thailand Implements Comprehensive Regulations for Cash-on-Delivery (COD) Services to Enhance Consumer Protection, the new regulation, titled “Designating Goods Delivery Services with Cash on Delivery as a Business with Controlled Receipt of Payment Items B.E. 2567 (2024),” will come into effect on 3 October 2024.

Under the new rules, logistics providers offering COD services will be required to include essential details on shipping documents. These include information about the sender, the logistics company, and the name and surname of the person receiving payment, along with a parcel tracking number. This increased transparency aims to enhance accountability in online transactions.

A key feature of the regulation is the mandatory 5-day holding period for payments. Logistics companies must retain the payment for five days before transferring it to the seller. This provision gives consumers a reasonable timeframe to report issues and request refunds if problems arise with their purchases.

The regulation also empowers consumers with the right to inspect goods before making payment. If upon inspection, the items are found to be different from what was ordered or have quality issues, consumers can refuse payment and reject the delivery on the spot.

Detailed Consumer Rights for Refunds and Returns

The new regulation provides specific scenarios where consumers are entitled to refunds:

  1. If the received goods do not match the order or are defective, the business operator must accept the return from the consumer, send it back to the sender, and refund the consumer.
  2. In cases where the consumer did not order the goods but received and paid for them if it can be proven that the consumer did not place the order, the business operator must accept the return and refund the consumer.
  3. When the business operator receives payment from the consumer, they must hold the funds for five days from the date of delivery and payment. If the consumer does not request a refund within this period, the business operator can then transfer the money to the sender. However, if the consumer reports issues within the five-day period (such as receiving unordered goods, mismatched orders, or defective items), and the business operator confirms these issues after inspection, they must refund the full amount to the consumer within 15 days of receiving the complaint. The goods are then returned to the sender.
  4. If the consumer receives and opens the package in the presence of the business operator, the process must be documented through photographs, video, or other evidence. If both parties find that the goods do not match the order or are defective, the consumer has the right to refuse acceptance of the goods.

It is important to note that these refund criteria do not apply to cases where consumers request refunds for reasons other than those specified above.

This comprehensive approach to regulating COD services reflects the government’s commitment to addressing the challenges in the rapidly growing e-commerce sector. By providing clearer guidelines and stronger consumer protections, the regulation aims to boost confidence in online shopping and promote a more trustworthy digital marketplace in Thailand.

Key Takeaways:

  1. New regulation for Cash on Delivery (COD) services effective October 3, 2024
  2. Aims to address issues in online shopping using COD
  3. Requires detailed information on shipping documents
  4. Implements a 5-day holding period for payments
  5. Allows consumers to inspect goods before payment
  6. Provides clear guidelines for refunds and returns

Author: Panisa Suwanmatajarn, Managing Partner.

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